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・ Red-fronted coua
・ Red-fronted gazelle
・ Red-fronted lemur
・ Red-fronted lorikeet
・ Red-fronted macaw
・ Red-fronted parrot
・ Red-fronted parrotlet
・ Red-fronted rosefinch
・ Red-fronted serin
・ Red-fronted tinkerbird
・ Red-fronted warbler
・ Red-gartered coot
・ Red-Greens (Sweden)
・ Red-Handed
・ Red-handed
Red-handed howler
・ Red-handed tamarin
・ Red-headed Amazon River turtle
・ Red-Headed Baby
・ Red-headed barbet
・ Red-headed bluebill
・ Red-headed bullfinch
・ Red-headed bunting
・ Red-headed finch
・ Red-headed flameback
・ Red-headed fody
・ Red-headed krait
・ Red-headed lovebird
・ Red-headed macaw
・ Red-headed malimbe


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Red-handed howler : ウィキペディア英語版
Red-handed howler

The red-handed howler (''Alouatta belzebul'') is a vulnerable species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey. It is endemic to Brazil, found in the southeastern Amazon and disjunctly in the Atlantic Forest between Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe.〔
==Taxonomy==
Considerable taxonomic confusion has surrounded this species. Until 2001, most authorities included the Amazon black howler as a subspecies (or simply a taxonomically insignificant variation) of the red-handed howler,〔Groves, C. (2001). ''Primate Taxonomy.'' Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1-56098-872-X〕 though its distinction had already been pointed out much earlier.〔da Cruz Lima, E. (1945). ''Mammals of Amazônia.'' Vol. 1. Contribuições do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi de História Natural e Etnografia.〕 The red-handed howler remained variable in ecology, colour and pattern of the fur, shape of the cranium, and shape of the hyoid bone (of great importance in the voice of the howler monkeys; a likely isolating mechanism between the species),〔Gregorin, R. (2006). ''( Taxonomia e variação geográfica das espécies do gênero Alouatta Lacépède (Primates, Atelidae) no Brasil. )'' Rev. Bras. Zool. 23(1).〕 but a geographical pattern was not clear, resulting in it being treated as a monotypic species.〔 In 2006, a major review of the Brazilian members of the genus ''Alouatta'' was able to match some of the variations to geography (though further study was recommended), resulting in the recognition of the Spix's red-handed howler and Maranhão red-handed howler as species separate from the red-handed howler.〔 Even with these as separate species, the colour and pattern of the fur of the red-handed howler remains variable. Most adults are black with reddish-brown hands, feet and distal part of their tails, but some are entirely black (resembling the Amazon black howler), reddish (resembling the red howlers) or somewhere in between.〔

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